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RESEARCH PAPERS: Electronic Cooling

# Optimized Heat Transfer for High Power Electronic Cooling Using Arrays of Microjets

[+] Author and Article Information
Matteo Fabbri

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samuely School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095

Vijay K. Dhir

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samuely School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095vdhir@seas.ucla.edu

J. Heat Transfer 127(7), 760-769 (Nov 23, 2004) (10 pages) doi:10.1115/1.1924624 History: Received May 23, 2004; Revised November 23, 2004

## Abstract

Electronic cooling has become a subject of interest in recent years due to the rapidly decreasing size of microchips while increasing the amount of heat flux that they must dissipate. Conventional forced air cooling techniques cannot satisfy the cooling requirements and new methods have to be sought. Jet cooling has been used in other industrial fields and has demonstrated the capability of sustaining high heat transfer rates. In this work the heat transfer under arrays of microjets is investigated. Ten different arrays have been tested using deionized water and FC40 as test fluids. The jet diameters employed ranged between 69 and $250μm$ and the jet Reynolds number varied from 73 to 3813. A maximum surface heat flux of $310W∕cm2$ was achieved using water jets of $173.6μm$ diameter and $3mm$ spacing, impinging at $12.5m∕s$ on a circular $19.3mm$ diameter copper surface. The impinging water temperature was $23.1°C$ and the surface temperature was $73.9°C$. The heat transfer results, consistent with those reported in the literature, have been correlated using only three independent dimensionless parameters. With the use of the correlation developed, an optimal configuration of the main geometrical parameters can be established once the cooling requirements of the electronic component are specified.

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## Figures

Figure 1

Schematic of the experimental setup

Figure 2

Details of the test section

Figure 5

Variation of Nu with Redn for varying Pr and s∕dn

Figure 6

Variation of Nu with Pr for varying Redn and s∕dn

Figure 7

Variation of Nu with s∕dn for varying Redn and Pr

Figure 8

Comparison of the Nusselt number predicted by various correlations for Pr=3.6 as a function of Redn (a) s∕dn=6.7, (b) s∕dn=13.3, and (c) s∕dn=26

Figure 3

Comparison between the heat transfer under arrays of microjets and the results by Oliphant (8) using water

Figure 4

Comparison of the experimental and predicted Nusselt number

Figure 9

Comparison of the effect of s∕dn on the Nusselt number in the present work and those of Pan and Webb (4) and Yonehara and Ito (7)

Figure 10

Effect of orifice plate to heater distance on the heat transfer

Figure 11

Normalized pressure drop across the orifice plates

Figure 12

Qpumping as a function of dn for a specific Qremoved∕(Tw−Tjets)

Figure 13

Variation of the optimal Qpumping as a function of dn for different Qremoved∕(Tw−Tjets) and s

Figure 14

Flowrate versus dn for different s

## Errata

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