Influence of Force Fields and Flow Patterns on Boiling Heat Transfer Performance: A Review

Boiling roadmap (from Dhir [3], edited)

Main mechanisms and heat paths in pool boiling

Bubble detachment diameters in microgravity, scaled with the normal gravity one (from Ref. [8])

Bubble detachment diameters (from Refs. [28,30])

The microregion and the incidence angle

Pool boiling curve on a 0.2 mm wire in normal gravity and sounding rocket experiment, 10− 4 gE (fluid: R113, pressure 1 bar) [42]

Typical pool boiling flow pattern, in microgravity from [44]; views from side and from below

Nucleate boiling curve on a flat plate 20 × 20 mm (FC-72) in normal gravity (diamonds) and microgravity (circles), from Ref. [55]

Interrelationship between boiling flow pattern (seen from back of heater) and wall temperature [49]

Interrelationship between dry patch extension and wall temperature, from Ref. [58]

Nucleate boiling curve from Demiray and Kim [36]

Example of heat flux vs. acceleration graph illustrating the sharp transition in heat flux below a certain gravity level

Values of K and comparison with available correlations. All the data not countersigned with a reference belong to the present authors. The symbol p represents the system pressure in bar

Pool boiling curve on a 0.2 mm wire in normal gravity and sounding rocket experiment, 10− 4 gE (fluid: R113, pressure 1 bar) [42]

Heat transfer coefficient in nucleate boiling on a flat plate 20 × 20 mm (FC-72) with an external electric field, in normal and reduced gravity, from Ref. [56]

Domains of influence of surface, buoyancy and inertia forces in boiling [76]

Heat transfer coefficient and flow pattern in flow boiling with variable gravity, nucleate boiling regime, from Ohta [80]

Heat transfer coefficient and flow pattern in flow boiling with variable gravity, forced convection regime, from Ohta [80]

Trend of gravity acceleration and wall temperature (top part of the channel) in flow boiling at high flowrate, from Ref. [78]

Flow pattern in a pipe in flow boiling at 1-g, right, and micro-g, left, D = 4 mm (low mass flux), from Ref. [78]

Heat transfer coefficient and flow pattern in flow boiling with variable gravity, nucleate boiling regime, from Celata Ref. [78]

Flow pattern in a pipe in flow boiling at 1-g, right, and micro-g, left, D = 4 mm (high mass flux), from Ref. [78]

Boiling flow patterns in a vertical square channel, normal gravity (top) and reduced gravity (bottom) from Luciani [82]

CHF data in normal and reduced gravity, from Zhang [85]