Fig. 1 General methodology for estimating GRF&M from motion data based on the optimization approach. The different stages of the method are boxed. The quantities estimated during the method are shown. The input quantities (models and experimental data) are shown in black. More about this image found in General methodology for estimating GRF&M from motion data based on the ...

Fig. 2 Accuracy of the GRF&M estimate during sidestep cuts (top), runs (middle) and walks (bottom) according to the kinematic thresholds used: error on the resultant force and error on the CoP position More about this image found in Accuracy of the GRF&M estimate during sidestep cuts (top), runs (middle...

Fig. 3 Accuracy of the external force estimate according to the pressure threshold used. ( a ) Resultant force error. ( b )CoP error. More about this image found in Accuracy of the external force estimate according to the pressure threshold...

Fig. 4 RMSE between the estimated GRF&M and the GRF&M measured by the force platforms according to the contact detection method. The pattern in the boxes differentiates the contact detection method used. The RMSE for each component of the GRF&M is represented: the resultant along the m... More about this image found in RMSE between the estimated GRF&M and the GRF&M measured by the forc...

Fig. 5 Example of contact detection during a walking trial under the participant's left foot using the kinematic threshold (above) and pressure threshold (below) contact detection method More about this image found in Example of contact detection during a walking trial under the participant's...

Fig. 1 Workflow diagram for prototype design and evaluation, which overall consists of four steps: (1)three-dimensional gait analysis using MoCap and musculoskeletal modeling, (2) Knee brace design and adjustment, (3) in silico validation of the unloading concept under ideal circumstances, and (... More about this image found in Workflow diagram for prototype design and evaluation, which overall consist...

Fig. 2 Illustration of the simulated knee brace concept in AMS using rigid linkages and connections. The joints are frictionless and there is no slack in the string. When flexing the knee, the two points, P CP and P CA , move apart and pull the string. A spring is connected to the string, whi... More about this image found in Illustration of the simulated knee brace concept in AMS using rigid linkage...

Fig. 3 Individual mean stiffness plots for each patient. The quasi-stiffness line (red) is fitted to match the first peak muscle moment (blue) and the dashed line indicates the knee angle for when to apply the brace moment (activation angle). The orange bullets indicate heel strike and toe-off. Th... More about this image found in Individual mean stiffness plots for each patient. The quasi-stiffness line ...

Fig. 4 Individual mean stiffness plots for each patient including the muscle moment without brace (Muscle w/o brace), the in silico brace moment (Brace moment) and the muscle moment when analyzing the in silico brace (Muscle w brace). The orange bullets indicate heel strike and toe-off and the... More about this image found in Individual mean stiffness plots for each patient including the muscle momen...

Fig. 5 Mean EMG signal of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), average between VM and VL (VML), and rectus femoris (RF) through stance phase for each experimental brace condition. The first peak signal, corresponding to the first peak muscle moment in Fig. 2 , is highlighted in each graph... More about this image found in Mean EMG signal of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), average bet...

Fig. 6 Mean knee compressive forces in percentage body weight during stance phase for each experimental brace condition. The shaded areas are ±1 standard deviation. More about this image found in Mean knee compressive forces in percentage body weight during stance phase ...