... on the SOC imbalance using Lyapunov analysis. This work seeks to expand the analytical understanding of parallel-connected battery systems toward answering the question “how does current and SOC imbalance within each cycle affect long-term degradation trajectories?” (see Fig. 2 ). Toward this goal, Sec...

... ) = 0 ⇒ li m t → ∞ x 7 , 12 ( t ) = x 7 , 12 * The global stability properties of the control method can be also proven through Lyapunov analysis. To this end, the following Lyapunov function is defined (32) V = 1 2 [ e 1 , 6 T...