..., the required control force and torque increase almost linearly. However, the change of the plate angle was found to have no effect on the force exerted on the X-axis and the torque exerted on the Z-axis. braking force control hybrid electric vehicles hydraulic systems pistons plates (structures) pumps...

...Dongsuk Kum; Huei Peng; Norman K. Bucknor Past research on hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) focused primarily on improving their fuel economy. Emission reduction is another important performance attribute that needs to be addressed. When emissions are considered for hybrid vehicles with a gasoline...

...Lorenzo Serrao; Simona Onori; Giorgio Rizzoni This paper presents a formalization of the energy management problem in hybrid electric vehicles and a comparison of three known methods for solving the resulting optimization problem. Dynamic programming (DP), Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP...

...Marcello Canova; Yann Guezennec; Steve Yurkovich The starter/alternator technology is considered an easily realizable hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) configuration to achieve significant fuel economy without compromising consumer acceptability. Several examples can be found in production or near...

...X. Wei; L. Guzzella; V. I. Utkin; G. Rizzoni Hybrid electric vehicles provide promising alternatives to conventional engine-powered vehicles with better fuel economy and less emission. Realization of these benefits depends, in part, on proper control of the vehicle. This paper examines a variable...

... between the fuel cell system and battery. Simulation results over different driving cycles are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic approach. 06 11 2004 16 04 2006 hybrid electric vehicles fuel cell vehicles proton exchange membrane fuel cells optimal...