This paper presents a performance analysis of a supercritical organic Rankine cycle (SORC) with various working fluids with thermal energy provided from a geothermal energy source. In the present study, a number of pure fluids (R23, R32, R125, R143a, R134a, R218, and R170) are analyzed to identify the most suitable fluids for different operating conditions. The source temperature is varied between 125 °C and 200 °C, to study its effect on the efficiency of the cycle for fixed and variable pressure ratios. The energy and exergy efficiencies for each working fluid are obtained and the optimum fluid is selected. It is found that thermal efficiencies as high as 21% can be obtained with 200 °C source temperature and 10 °C cooling water temperature considered in this study. For medium source temperatures (125–150 °C), thermal efficiencies higher than 12% are obtained.
Issue Section:
Energy Systems Analysis
References
1.
Renner
, J. L.
, 2006
, “Geothermal Technologies Program: The Future of Geothermal Energy
,” OSTI: 911903, available at: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/future_geothermal.html2.
Kalina
, A. I.
, 1983
, Combined Cycle and Waste Heat Recovery Power Systems Based on a Novel Thermodynamic Energy Cycle Utilizing Low-Temperature Heat for Power Generation
.3.
Lu
, S.
, and Goswami
, D. Y.
, 2003
, “Optimization of a Novel Combined Power/Refrigeration Thermodynamic Cycle
,” ASME J. Sol. Energy Eng.
, 125
(2
), pp. 212
–217
.10.1115/1.15629504.
Goswami
, D. Y.
, and Xu
, F.
, 1999
, “Analysis of a New Thermodynamic Cycle for Combined Power and Cooling Using:Low and Mid Temperature Solar Collectors
,” ASME J. Sol. Energy Eng.
, 121
(2
), pp. 91
–97
.10.1115/1.28881525.
Vijayaraghavan
, S.
, and Goswami
, D. Y.
, 2006
, “A Combined Power and Cooling Cycle Modified to Improve Resource Utilization Efficiency Using a Distillation Stage
,” Energy
, 31
(8–9
), pp. 1177
–1196
.10.1016/j.energy.2005.04.0146.
Steidel
, R. F.
, Pankow
, D. H.
, and Brown
, K. A.
, 1983
, “The Empirical Modeling of a Lysholm Screw Expander
,” Proceedings of 18th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering conference on Energy for the Marketplace
, (Orlando, USA.: Aug. 21–26), 1, Thermal Energy Syst., New York, Am. Inst. Chem. Eng., 1983, Session 5, Paper No. 839048: pp. 286–293.7.
Chen
, H.
, Goswami
, D. Y.
, and Stefanakos
, E. K.
, 2010
, “A Review of Thermodynamic Cycles and Working Fluids for the Conversion of Low-Grade Heat
,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 14
(9
), pp. 3059
–3067
.10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.0068.
Padilla
, R. V.
, Archibold
, A. R.
, Demirkaya
, G.
, Besarati
, S.
, Goswami
, D. Y.
, Rahman
, M. M.
, and Stefanakos
, E. L.
, 2012
, “Performance Analysis of a Rankine Cycle Integrated With the Goswami Combined Power and Cooling Cycle
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 134
(3
), p. 032001
.10.1115/1.40064349.
Demirkaya
, G.
, Besarati
, S.
, Padilla
, R. V.
, Archibold
, A. R.
, Goswami
, D. Y.
, Rahman
, M. M.
, and Stefanakos
, E. L.
, 2012
, “Multi-Objective Optimization of a Combined Power and Cooling Cycle for Low-Grade and Midgrade Heat Sources
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 134
(3
), p. 032002
.10.1115/1.400592210.
Vijayaraghavan
, S.
, and Goswami
, D. Y.
, 2003
, “On Evaluating Efficiency of a Combined Power and Cooling Cycle
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 125
(3
), pp. 221
–227
.10.1115/1.159511011.
Andersen
, W. C.
, and Bruno
, T. J.
, 2005
, “Rapid Screening of Fluids for Chemical Stability in Organic Rankine Cycle Applications
,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
, 44
(15
), pp. 5560
–5566
.10.1021/ie050351s12.
Khaliq
, A.
, and Trivedi
, S. K.
, 2012
, “Second Law Assessment of a Wet Ethanol Fuelled HCCI Engine Combined With Organic Rankine Cycle
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 134
(2
), p. 022201
.10.1115/1.400569813.
Srinivasan
, K. K.
, Mago
, P. J.
, Zdaniuk
, G. J.
, Chamra
, L. M.
, and Midkiff
, K. C.
, 2008
, “Improving the Efficiency of the Advanced Injection Low Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Engine Using Organic Rankine Cycles
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 130
(2
), p. 022201
.10.1115/1.290612314.
Chen
, H.
, Goswami
, D. Y.
, Rahman
, M. M.
, and Stefanakos
, E. K.
, 2011
, “Energetic and Exergetic Analysis of CO2- and R32-Based Transcritical Rankine Cycles for Low-Grade Heat Conversion
,” Appl. Energy
, 88
(8
), pp. 2802
–2808
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.02915.
Saleh
, B.
, Koglbauer
, G.
, Wendland
, M.
, and Fischer
, J.
, 2007
, “Working Fluids for Low-Temperature Organic Rankine Cycles
,” Energy
, 32
(7
), pp. 1210
–1221
.10.1016/j.energy.2006.07.00116.
Gu
, Z.
, and Sato
, H.
, 2001
, “Optimization of Cyclic Parameters of a Supercritical Cycle for Geothermal Power Generation
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 42
(12
), pp. 1409
–1416
.10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00145-X17.
Lakew
, A. A.
, and Bolland
, O.
, 2010
, “Working Fluids for Low-Temperature Heat Source
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 30
(10
), pp. 1262
–1268
.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.02.00918.
Augustine
, C.
, Field
, R.
, DiPippo
, R.
, Gigliucci
, G.
, Fastelli
, I.
, and Tester
, J.
, 2009
, “Modeling and Analysis of Sub- and Supercritical Binary Rankine Cycles for Low- to Mid-Temperature Geothermal Resources
,” GRC Transactions, Vol. 33.19.
Maizza
, V.
, and Maizza
, A.
, 1996
, “Working Fluids in Non-Steady Flows for Waste Energy Recovery Systems
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 16
(7
), pp. 579
–590
.10.1016/1359-4311(95)00044-520.
He
, C.
, Liu
, C.
, Gao
, H.
, Xie
, H.
, Li,
, Y.
, Wu
, S.
, and Xu
, J.
, 2012
, “The Optimal Evaporation Temperature and Working Fluids for Subcritical Organic Rankine Cycle
,” Energy
, 38
(1
), pp. 136
–143
.10.1016/j.energy.2011.12.02221.
Maizza
, V.
, and Maizza
, A.
, 2001
, “Unconventional Working Fluids in Organic Rankine-Cycles for Waste Energy Recovery Systems
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 21
(3
), pp. 381
–390
.10.1016/S1359-4311(00)00044-222.
Gawlik
, K.
, and Hassani
, V.
, 1997
, “Advanced Binary Cycles: Optimum Working Fluids,
” Energy Conversion Engineering Conference
, IECEC-97., Vol. 3, pp. 1809
–1815
.23.
Vijayaraghavan
, S.
, and Goswami
, D. Y.
, 2005
, “Organic Working Fluids for a Combined Power and Cooling Cycle
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 127
(2
), pp. 125
–130
.10.1115/1.188503924.
Wang
, Z. Q.
, Zhou
, N. J.
, Guo
, J.
, and Wang
, X. Y.
, 2012
, “Fluid Selection and Parametric Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle Using Low Temperature Waste Heat
,” Energy
, 40
(1
), pp. 107
–115
.10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.02225.
Roy
, J. P.
, and Misra
, A.
, 2012
, “Parametric Optimization and Performance Analysis of a Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle Using R-123 for Waste Heat Recovery
,” Energy
, 39
(1
), pp. 227
–235
.10.1016/j.energy.2012.01.02626.
Chen
, H.
, Goswami
, D. Y.
, Rahman
, M. M.
, and Stefanakos
, E. K.
, 2011
, “A Supercritical Rankine Cycle Using Zeotropic Mixture Working Fluids for the Conversion of Low-Grade Heat Into Power
,” Energy
, 36
(1
), pp. 549
–555
.10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.00627.
Ochs
, T. L.
, and O'connor
, W. K.
, 2006
, “Energy Recovery During Expansion of Compressed Gas Using Power Plant Low-Quality Heat Sources, Patent Application No. 7007474, Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of Energy, Washington, DC.28.
Chacartegui
, R.
, Sanchez
, D.
, Munoz
, J. M.
, and Sanchez
, T.
, 2009
, “Alternative ORC Bottoming Cycles FOR Combined Cycle Power Plants
,” Appl. Energy
, 86
(10
), pp. 2162
–2170
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.02.01629.
Karellas
, S.
, and Schuster
, A.
, 2008
, “Supercritical Fluid Parameters in Organic Rankine Cycle Applications
,” Int. J. Thermodyn.
, 11
(3
), pp. 101
–108
.30.
Cayer
, E.
, Galanis
, N.
, and Nesreddine
, H.
, 2010
, “Parametric Study and Optimization of a Transcritical Power Cycle Using a Low Temperature Source
,” Appl. Energy
, 87
(4
), pp. 1349
–1357
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.08.03131.
Heberle
, F.
, and Brüggemann
, D.
, “Exergy Based Fluid Selection for a Geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle for Combined Heat and Power Generation
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 30
(11–12
), pp. 1326
–1332
.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.02.01232.
Guo
, T.
, Wang
, H.
, and Zhang
, S.
, 2010
, “Working Fluids of a Low-Temperature Geothermally-Powered Rankine Cycle for Combined Power and Heat Generation System
,” Sci. China Technol. Sci.
, 53
(11
), pp. 3072
–3078
.10.1007/s11431-010-4102-533.
Guo
, T.
, Wang
, H. X.
, and Zhang
, S. J.
, 2011
, “Fluids and Parameters Optimization for a Novel Cogeneration System Driven by Low-Temperature Geothermal Sources
,” Energy
, 36
(5
), pp. 2639
–2649
.10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.00534.
Guo
, T.
, Wang
, H. X.
, and Zhang
, S. J.
, 2011
, “Selection of Working Fluids for a Novel Low-Temperature Geothermally-Powered ORC Based Cogeneration System
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 52
(6
), pp. 2384
–2391
.10.1016/j.enconman.2010.12.03835.
DiPippo
, R.
, 2004
, “Second Law Assessment of Binary Plants Generating Power From Low-Temperature Geothermal Fluids
,” Geothermics
, 33
(5
), pp. 565
–586
.10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.00336.
Li
, J.
, Pei
, G.
, Li
, Y.
, Wang
, D.
, and Ji
, J.
, 2012
, “Energetic and Exergetic Investigation of an Organic Rankine Cycle at Different Heat Source Temperatures
,” Energy
, 38
(1
), pp. 85
–95
.10.1016/j.energy.2011.12.03237.
Bliem
, C. J.
, and Mines
, G. L.
, 1989
, “Advanced Binary Geothermal Power Plants Working Fluid Property Determination and Heat Exchanger Design
,” OSTI ID: 6303098, Paper No. DE89011144.38.
Bliem
, C. J.
, and Mines
, G. L.
, 1984
, “Initial Results for Supercritical Cycle Experiments Using Pure and Mixed-Hydrocarbon Working Fluids
,” OSTI ID: 6562256, Paper NO. DE84017008.39.
Bliem
, C. J.
, Demuth
, O. J.
, Mines
, G. L.
, and Swank
, W. D.
, 1986
, “Vaporization at Supercritical Pressures and Counterflow Condensing of Pure and Mixed-Hydrocarbon Working Fluids for Geothermal Power Plants
,” OSTI ID: 5641225, Paper No. DE86011034.40.
Badr
, O.
, Probert
, S. D.
, and O'Callaghan
, P. W.
, 1985
, “Selecting a Working Fluid for a Rankine-Cycle Engine
,” Appl. Energy
, 21
(1
), pp. 1
–42
.10.1016/0306-2619(85)90072-841.
Badr
, O.
, O'Callaghan
, P. W.
, and Probert
, S. D.
, 1985
, “Thermodynamic and Thermophysical Properties of Organic Working Fluids for Rankine-Cycle Engines
,” Appl. Energy
, 19
(1
), pp. 1
–40
.10.1016/0306-2619(85)90037-642.
Wark
, K.
, Thermodynamics
, McGraw-Hill
, New York
.43.
Aljundi
, I. H.
, 2011
, “Effect of Dry Hydrocarbons and Critical Point Temperature on the Efficiencies of Organic Rankine Cycle
,” Renewable Energy
, 36
(4
), pp. 1196
–1202
.10.1016/j.renene.2010.09.02244.
Borsukiewicz-Gozdur
, A.
, and Nowak
, W.
, 2007
, “Comparative Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Refrigerants in Application to Low Temperature Clausius-Rankine Cycle
,” Energy
, 32
(4
), pp. 344
–352
.10.1016/j.energy.2006.07.01245.
Zhang
, X. R.
, Yamaguchi
, H.
, Uneno
, D.
, Fujima
, K.
, Enomoto
, M.
, and Sawada
, N.
, 2006
, “Analysis of a Novel Solar Energy-Powered Rankine Cycle for Combined Power and Heat Generation Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
,” Renewable Energy
, 31
(12
), pp. 1839
–1854
.10.1016/j.renene.2005.09.02446.
Zhang
, X. R.
, Yamaguchi
, H.
, and Uneno
, D.
, 2007
, “Experimental Study on the Performance of Solar Rankine System Using Supercritical CO2
,” Renewable Energy
, 32
(15
), pp. 2617
–2628
.10.1016/j.renene.2007.01.00347.
Zhang
, X. R.
, Yamaguchi
, H.
, Fujima
, K.
, Enomoto
, M.
, and Sawada
, N.
, 2006
, Experimental Performance Analysis of Supercritical CO2 Thermodynamic Cycle Powered by Solar Energy
, AIP Conf. Proc. 832, The Second International Conference on Flow Dynamics, Nov 16–18, 2005, Sendai, Japan, pp. 419–424.48.
Cayer
, E.
, Galanis
, N.
, Desilets
, M.
, Nesreddine
, H.
, and Roy
, P.
, 2009
, “Analysis of a Carbon Dioxide Transcritical Power Cycle Using a Low Temperature Source
,” Appl. Energy
, 86
(7–8
), pp. 1055
–1063
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.09.01849.
chemcad 6 user guide, http://www.chemstations.com/content/documents/CHEMCAD_6_User_Guide_-_online.pdf. Copyright: Chemstations Inc.
50.
Brown
, J. S.
, 2007
, “Predicting Performance of Refrigerants Using the Peng-Robinson Equation of State
,” Int. J. Refrigeration
, 30
(8
), pp. 1319
–1328
.10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2007.04.006Copyright © 2013 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
