Abstract

This study sought to assign a rough order of magnitude for the amount of explosive residue likely to be available in real-world searches for clandestine explosives. A variety of explosives (TNT, TATP, HMX, AN, RDX, PETN) in various forms (powder, flake, detonating cord, plastic) were carefully weighed or cut into containers, and the amount of residue inadvertently remaining on the work area, hands, or containers was quantified. This was used to evaluate the spillage potential of each explosive. The adhesion of each explosive to a glass surface was quantified from amount of explosive adhering to the inside of a glass vial into which the explosive had been placed and then removed by vigorous tapping. In powdered form, most of the explosives—TNT, PETN, RDX, HMX, and TATP—exhibited similar spillage and adhesion to glass. However, PETN as sheet explosive and plasticized RDX (C-4), showed very little potential to contaminate surfaces, either by spillage or adhesion to glass.

References

1.
Oxley
JC
.
The chemistry of explosives
. In:
Walters
B
,
Zukas
J
, editors,
Explosives effects and applications
.
New York
:
Springer-Verlag
1998
; Ch., 5.
2.
Dionne
BC
,
Rounbehler
DP
,
Achter
EK
,
Hobbs
JR
,
Fine
DH
.
Vapor pressure of explosives
.
J Energetic Materials
 0737-0652
1986
;
3
:
447
72
.
3.
Detection of explosives for commercial aviation security
.
National Materials Advisory Board, National Research Council
;
1993
, Pub. NMAB471.
4.
Assessment of technologies deployed to improve aviation security: first report
.
National Materials Advisory Board, National Research Council
;
1999
, Pub. NMAB-482-5.
5.
Curby
WA
.
Application of facts about the physical, chemical and colligative properties of explosives on the design of more efficacious EDS sample collection procedures
.
Proceedings of 2nd Explosive Detection Tech. Symp. & Aviation Security Tech. Conf.
;
Atlantic City
11
1996
;
12
16
.
6.
Flagan
RC
,
Smedley
GT
,
Phares
DJ
.
Aerodynamic sampling of particles from surfaces
.
Proceedings of 2nd Explosive Detection Tech. Symp. & Aviation Security Tech. Conf.
;
Atlantic City
Nov., 1996.
7.
Langford
ML
,
Fergusson
D
,
Alcock
N
,
Dixon
S
,
Groves
D
,
Raitt
I
, et al
.
Trace detection trial on airline baggage
.
Proceedings of 2nd Explosive Detection Tech. Symp. & Aviation Security Tech. Conf.
;
Atlantic City
11
1996
;
12
16
.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.