In this study, pulsed laser based curing of a printed nanoink (nanoparticle ink) combined with moderate and controlled substrate heating was investigated to create microconductors at low enough temperatures appropriate for polymeric substrates. The present work relies on (1) the melting temperature depression of nanoparticles smaller than a critical size, (2) DOD (drop on demand) jettability of nanoparticle ink, and (3) control of the heat affected zone induced by pulsed laser heating. In the experiments, gold nanoparticles of diameter dissolved in toluene solvent were used as ink. This nanoink was printed on a polymeric substrate that was heated to evaporate the solvent during or after printing. The overall morphology of the gold microline was determined by the printing process and controlled by changing the substrate temperature during jetting. In addition, the printed line width of about at the room temperature decreased to when the substrate is heated at . By employing a microsecond pulsed laser, the nanoparticles were melted and coalesced at low temperature to form a conductive microline which had just 3–4 times higher resistivity than the bulk value without damaging the temperature sensitive polymeric substrate. This gold film also survived after Scotch tape test. These are remarkable results, considering the fact that the melting temperature of bulk gold is and the polymeric substrate can be thermally damaged at temperatures as low as .
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Damage-Free Low Temperature Pulsed Laser Printing of Gold Nanoinks On Polymers
Costas P. Grigoropoulos,
Costas P. Grigoropoulos
Tel: 510-642-2525
Fax: 510-642-6163
Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of California
, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740
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Nicole R. Bieri,
Nicole R. Bieri
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Cedric Dockendorf,
Cedric Dockendorf
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Dimos Poulikakos
Dimos Poulikakos
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Search for other works by this author on:
Costas P. Grigoropoulos
Tel: 510-642-2525
Fax: 510-642-6163
Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of California
, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740
Nicole R. Bieri
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Cedric Dockendorf
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Dimos Poulikakos
Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering,
ETH Zurich
, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandJ. Heat Transfer. Jul 2005, 127(7): 724-732 (9 pages)
Published Online: January 12, 2005
Article history
Received:
June 9, 2004
Revised:
January 12, 2005
Citation
Chung, J., Ko, S., Grigoropoulos, C. P., Bieri, N. R., Dockendorf, C., and Poulikakos, D. (January 12, 2005). "Damage-Free Low Temperature Pulsed Laser Printing of Gold Nanoinks On Polymers." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. July 2005; 127(7): 724–732. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1924627
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