Product design is one of the most important sectors influencing global sustainability, as almost all the products consumed by people are outputs of the product development process. In particular, early design decisions can have a very significant impact on sustainability. These decisions not only relate to material and manufacturing choices but have a far-reaching effect on the product’s entire life cycle, including transportation, distribution, and end-of-life logistics. However, key challenges have to be overcome to enable eco-design methods to be applicable in early design stages. Lack of information models, semantic interoperability, methods to influence eco-design thinking in early stages, measurement science and uncertainty models in eco-decisions, and ability to balance business decisions and eco-design methodology are serious impediments to realizing sustainable products and services. Therefore, integrating downstream life cycle data into eco-design tools is essential to achieving true sustainable product development. Our review gives an overview of related research and positions early eco-design tools and decision support as a key strategy for the future. By merging sustainable thinking into traditional design methods, this review provides a framework for ongoing research, as well as encourages research collaborations among the various communities interested in sustainable product realization.
1.
Ayres
, R. U.
, and Ayres
, L. W.
, 2002, A Handbook of Industrial Ecology
, Edward Elgar
, Northampton, MA
.2.
Choi
, J. K.
, Nies
, L. F.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2008, “A Framework for the Integration of Environmental and Business Aspects Toward Sustainable Product Development
,” J. Eng. Design
0954-4828, 19
, pp. 431
–446
.3.
Miheclic
, J. R.
, Paterson
, K. G.
, Phillips
, L. D.
, Zhang
, Q.
, Watkins
, D. W.
, Barkdoll
, B. D.
, Fuchs
, V. J.
, Fry
, L. M.
, Hokanson
, D. R.
, and Ayres
, L. W.
, 2008, Educating Engineers in the Sustainable Futures Model With a Global Perspective
, Taylor & Francis
, London
.4.
National Academy of Engineering (NAE)
, 2008, Grand Challenges for Engineering.5.
Chertow
, M. R.
, 2000, “The IPAT Equation and Its Variants: Changing Views of Technology and Environmental Impact
,” J. Ind. Ecol.
1088-1980, 4
, pp. 13
–29
.6.
BEA
, 2008, Annual Industry Accounts, http://www.bea.gov/about/pdf/IED_Annual.pdfhttp://www.bea.gov/about/pdf/IED_Annual.pdf7.
EIA
, 2006, 2002 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.8.
Choi
, J. -K.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2009, A Quest for Sustainable Product Design: A Systematic Methodology for Integrated Assessment of Environmentally Benign and Economically Feasible Product Design
, VDM
, Saarbrücken, Germany
.9.
Watson
, R. T.
, Albritton
, D. L.
, Allen
, M. R.
, Baede
, A. P. M.
, Church
, J. A.
, Cubasch
, U.
, Xiaosu
, D.
, Yihui
, D.
, Ehhalt
, D. H.
et al., 2001, “A Contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
,” Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report
, Cambridge University Press
, Cambridge, UK
, p. 398
.10.
NYTimes
, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/09/science/earth/09climate.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/09/science/earth/09climate.html, accessed Aug. 10.11.
EIA
, 2008, International Energy Annual 2006, World Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Use of Fossil Fuels.12.
Ullman
, D. G.
, 1997, The Mechanical Design Process
, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill
, New York
.13.
Sousa
, I.
, and Wallace
, D.
, 2006, “Product Classification to Support Approximate Life-Cycle Assessment of Design Concepts
,” Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change
0040-1625, 73
, pp. 228
–249
.14.
Graedel
, T. E.
, and Allenby
, B. R.
, 2003, Industrial Ecology
, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall
, New York
.15.
Sherwin
, C.
, and Bhamra
, T.
, 1999, “Beyond Engineering: Ecodesign as A Proactive Approach to Product Innovation
,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing Conference
, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 41
–46
.16.
Charter
, M.
, 1997, “Managing the Eco-Design Process
,” Journal of Sustainable Product Development
, 1
(2
), pp. 48
–51
.17.
Wukash
, R. F.
, 1993, Proceedings of the 48th Industrial Waste Conference
, School of Civil Engineering Continuing Education, Purdue University, May 10, 11, and 12.18.
Johansson
, G.
, 2002, “Success Factors for Integration of Ecodesign in Product Development
,” Environ. Manage. Health
, 13
(1
), pp. 98
–107
.19.
ISO
, 2002, TR 14062: Environmental Management—Integrating Environmental Aspects Into Product Design and Development.20.
Fargnoli
, M.
, and Kimura
, F.
, 2006, “Sustainable Design of Modern Industrial Products
,” Proceedings of the 13th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering
, pp. 189
–194
.21.
ISO
, 2006, ISO 14040, Environmental Management–Life Cycle Assessment–Principles and Framework.22.
M. A.
Curran
, 2006, Life Cycle Assessment: Principles and Practice, EPA/600/R-06/060.23.
Choi
, J. K.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2009, A Quest for Sustainable Product Design: A Systematic Methodology for Integrated Assessment of Environmentally Benign and Economically Feasible Product Design
, VMD
, Saarbrucken, Germany
.24.
Todd
, J. A.
, and Curran
, M. A.
, 1999, “Streamlined Life-Cycle Assessment: A Final Report From the SETAC North America Streamlined LCA Workgroup
,” Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) and SETAC Foundation for Environmental Education.25.
Koffler
, C.
, Krinke
, S.
, Schebek
, L.
, and Buchgeister
, J.
, 2008, “Volkswagen slimLCI: A Procedure for Streamlined Inventory Modeling Within Life Cycle Assessment of Vehicles
,” Int. J. Veh. Des.
0143-3369, 46
, pp. 172
–188
.26.
Yu
, S.
, Kato
, S.
, and Kimura
, F.
, 2001, ”EcoDesign for Product Variety: A Multi-Objective Optimization Framework
,” Second International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing (EcoDesign ’01)
.27.
Devanathan
, S.
, Ramanujan
, D.
, Bernstein
, W. Z.
, Zhao
, F.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2010, “Integration of Sustainability Into Early Design Through the Function Impact Matrix
,” ASME J. Mech. Des.
0161-8458, in press.28.
Luttropp
, D. C.
, and Lagerstedt
, J.
, 2006, “EcoDesign and the Ten Golden Rules: Generic Advice for Merging Environmental Aspects Into Product Development
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 14
, pp. 1396
–1408
.29.
Lee
, K. M.
, and Park
, P. J.
, 2005, EcoDesign: Best Practice of ISO-14062, Eco-Product Research Institute (ERI)
, Ajou University
, Korea
.30.
Masui
, K.
, Sakao
, T.
, Kobayashi
, M.
, and Inaba
, A.
, 2003, “Applying Quality Function Deployment to Environmentally Conscious Design
,” Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manage.
0265-671X, 20
, pp. 90
–106
.31.
Bouchereau
, V.
, and Rowlands
, H.
, 2000, “Methods and Techniques to Help Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
,” Benchmarking: An International Journal
, 7
(1
), pp. 8
–20
.32.
Lofthouse
, V.
, 2006, “Ecodesign Tools for Designers: Defining the Requirements
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 14
, pp. 1386
–1395
.33.
Dewulf
, W.
, Willems
, B.
, and Duflou
, J. R.
, 2006, “Estimating the Environmental Profile of Early Design Concepts
,” Innovation in Life Cycle Engineering and Sustainable Development
, Part 3, pp. 321
–334
.34.
Robèrt
, K. -H.
, Schmidt-Bleek
, B.
, de Larderel
, J. A.
, Basile
, G.
, Jansen
, J. L.
, Kuehr
, R.
, Thomas
, P. P.
, Suzuki
, M.
, Hawken
, P.
, and Wackernagel
, M.
, 2002, “Strategic Sustainable Development—Selection, Design and Synergies of Applied Tools
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 10
, pp. 197
–214
.35.
Senthil
, K.
, Ong
, S. K.
, Nee
, A. Y. C.
, and Tab
, B. H.
, 2003, “A Proposed Tool to Integrate Environmental and Economical Assessments of Product
,” Environ. Impact. Asses. Rev.
0195-9255, 23
, pp. 51
–72
.36.
Khan
, F. I.
, Sadiq
, R.
, and Veitch
, B.
, 2004, “Life Cycle iNdeX(LInX): A New Indexing Procedure for Process and Product Design and Decision-Making
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 12
, pp. 59
–76
.37.
Thurston
, D. L.
, and Srinivasan
, S.
, 2003, “Constrained Optimization for Green Engineering Decision-Making
,” Environ. Sci. Technol.
0013-936X, 37
, pp. 5389
–5397
.38.
Björklund
, A. E.
, 2002, “Survey of Approaches to Improve Reliability in LCA
,” Int. J. Life Cycle Assess.
0948-3349, 7
(2
), pp. 64
–72
.39.
Shipworth
, D.
, 2002, “A Stochastic Framework for Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions Modeling for Construction Materials
,” Build. Res. Inf.
0961-3218, 30
(1
), pp. 16
–24
.40.
Cash
, D. W.
, and Moser
, S. C.
, 2000, “Linking Global and Local Scales: Designing Dynamic Assessment and Management Processes
,” Global Environ. Change
0959-3780, 10
, pp. 109
–120
.41.
Bouman
, M.
, Heijungs
, R.
, van der Voet
, E.
, and Huppes
, G.
, 2000, “An Analytical Comparison of SFA, LCA and Partial Equilibrium Models
,” Ecologic. Econ.
0921-8009, 32
, pp. 195
–216
.42.
Gutowski
, T.
, 2004, “Design and Manufacturing for the Environment
,” Handbook of Mechanical Engineering
, Springer-Verlag
, Berlin
.43.
Skerlos
, S. J.
, Adriaens
, P.
, Hayes
, K.
, Zimmerman
, J.
, and Zhao
, F.
, 2004, “Ecological Material and Green Manufacturing: Design and Technology for Metalworking Fluid Systems
,” Proceedings of the World Engineering Congress
, Shanghai, China, Nov. 2–6.44.
Zhao
, F.
, Naik
, G.
, and Zhang
, L.
, 2009, “Environmental Sustainability of Laser-Assisted Manufacturing: Case Studies on Laser Shock Peening and Laser Assisted Turning
,” 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference
, West Lafayette, IN, Oct. 4–7.45.
Denkena
, B.
, Shpitalni
, M.
, Kowalski
, P.
, Molcho
, Z.
, and Zipori
, Y.
, 2007, “Knowledge Management in Process Planning
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 56
(1
), pp. 175
–180
.46.
Gutowski
, T.
, Murphy
, C.
, Allen
, D.
, Bauer
, D.
, Bras
, B.
, Piwonka
, T.
, Sheng
, P.
, Sutherland
, J.
, Thurston
, D.
, and Wolff
, E.
, 2005, “Environmentally Benign Manufacturing: Observations From Japan, Europe, and the United States
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 13
, pp. 1
–17
.47.
Tan
, X. C.
, Liu
, F.
, Liu
, D. C.
, Zheng
, L.
, Wang
, H. Y.
, and Zhang
, Y. H.
, 2007, “Research on the Diagnosis and Improvement Method of a Process Route in an Enterprise Production Process in Terms of Sustainable Development
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 33
, pp. 1256
–1262
.48.
Mouzon
, G.
, Yildirim
, M. B.
, and Twomey
, J.
, 2007, “Operational Methods for Minimization of Energy Consumption of Manufacturing Equipment
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 45
, pp. 4247
–4271
.49.
Srinivasan
, M.
, and Sheng
, P.
, 1999, “Feature Based Process Planning in Environmentally Conscious Machining
,” Rob. Comput.-Integr. Manufact.
0736-5845, 15
, pp. 271
–281
.50.
Gupta
, S.
, and Okudan
, G. E.
, 2008, “Computer-Aided Generation of Modularised Conceptual Designs With Assembly and Variety Considerations
,” J. Eng. Design
0954-4828, 19
(6
), pp. 533
–551
.51.
Caputo
, A. C.
, and Pelagagge
, P. M.
, 2008, “Effects of Product Design on Assembly Lines Performances
,” Ind. Manage. Data Syst.
, 108
(6
), pp. 726
–749
.52.
Ferrer
, I.
, Rios
, J.
, and Ciurana
, J.
, 2009, “An Approach to Integrate Manufacturing Process Information in Part Design Phases
,” J. Mater. Process. Technol.
0924-0136, 209
(4
), pp. 2085
–2091
.53.
Shercliff
, H. R.
, and Lovatt
, A. M.
, 2001, “Selection of Manufacturing Processes in Design and the Role of Process Modelling
,” Prog. Mater. Sci.
0079-6425, 46
(3–4
), pp. 429
–459
.54.
Feng
, S. C.
, and Song
, E. Y.
, 2000, “Information Modeling of Conceptual Design Integrated With Process Planning
,” Proceedings of the Symposia on Design for Manufacturability, the 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
, Orlando, FL, Nov. 5–10.55.
Altintas
, Y.
, and Cao
, Y.
, 2005, “Virtual Design and Optimization of Machine Tool Spindles
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 54
(1
), pp. 379
–382
.56.
Su
, Q.
, 2007, “Computer Aided Geometric Feasible Assembly Sequence Planning and Optimizing
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 33
(1–2
), pp. 48
–57
.57.
Selvaraj
, P.
, Radhakrishnan
, P.
, and Adithan
, M.
, 2009, “An Integrated Approach to Design for Manufacturing and Assembly Based on Reduction of Product Development Time and Cost
,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
, 42
(1-2
), pp. 13
–29
.58.
Giudice
, F.
, Balisteri
, F.
, and Risitano
, G.
, 2009, “A Concurrent Design Method Based on DFMA–FEA Integrated Approach
,” Concurr. Eng. Res. Appl.
1063-293X, 17
(3
), pp. 183
–202
.59.
Wu
, C. H.
, Xie
, Y. J.
, and Mok
, S. M.
, 2007, “Linking Product Design in CAD With Assembly Operations in CAM for Virtual Product Assembly
,” Assem. Autom.
0144-5154, 27
(4
), pp. 309
–323
.60.
Swift
, K. G.
, and Booker
, J. D.
, 2003, Process Selection: From Design to Manufacture
, Butterworth Heinemann
, Oxford, UK
, pp. 1
–13
.61.
Dantan
, J. Y.
, Hassan
, A.
, Etienne
, A.
, Siadat
, A.
, and Martin
, P.
, 2008, “Information Modeling for Variation Management During the Product and Manufacturing Process Design
,” Int J Interact Des Manuf
, 2
(2
), pp. 107
–118
.62.
Yim
, S.
, and Rosen
, D. W.
, 2008, “A Repository for DFM Problems Using Description Logics
,” Int. J. Manuf. Technol. Manage.
1368-2148, 19
(6
), pp. 755
–774
.63.
Chang
, X. M.
, Rai
, R.
, and Terpenny
, J.
, 2010, “Development and Utilization of Ontologies in Design for Manufacturing
,” ASME J. Mech. Des.
0161-8458, 132
, p. 021009
.64.
Wang
, H. X.
, and Ceglarek
, D.
, 2009, “Variation Propagation Modeling and Analysis at Preliminary Design Phase of Multi-Station Assembly Systems
,” Assem. Autom.
0144-5154, 29
(2
), pp. 154
–166
.65.
Pham
, D. T.
, Pham
, P. T. N.
, and Thomas
, A.
, 2008, “Integrated Production Machines and Systems—Beyond Lean Manufacturing
,” Int. J. Manuf. Technol. Manage.
1368-2148, 19
(6
), pp. 695
–711
.66.
Askin
, R. G.
, and Goldberg
, J. B.
, 2002, Design and Analysis of Lean Production Systems
, Wiley
, New York
.67.
Sonnemann
, G.
, Castells
, F.
, and Schuhmacher
, M.
, 2004, Integrated Life-Cycle and Risk Assessment for Industrial Processes
, CRC
, Boca Raton, FL
.68.
Boons
, F.
, 2002, “Greening Products: A Framework for Product Chain Management
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 10
, pp. 495
–505
.69.
Seuring
, S.
, and Muller
, M.
, 2008, “From a Literature Review to a Conceptual Framework for Sustainable Supply Chain Management
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 16
, pp. 1699
–1710
.70.
Zhu
, Q. H.
, Sarkis
, J.
, and Lai
, K. H.
, 2008, “Confirmation of a Measurement Model for Green Supply Chain Management Practices Implementation
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 111
, pp. 261
–273
.71.
Dolgui
, A.
, Soldek
, J.
, and Zaikin
, O.
, 2005, Supply Chain Optimization Product/Process Design, Facility Location and Flow Control
, Springer
, Boston
, p. 94
.72.
Demirel
, N.
, and Gökçen
, H.
, 2008, “A Mixed Integer Programming Model for Remanufacturing in Reverse Logistics Environment
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 39
, pp. 1197
–1206
.73.
Neto
, J. Q. F.
, Bloemhof-Ruwaard
, J. M.
, van Nuner
, J. A. E. E.
, and van Heck
, E.
, 2008, “Designing and Evaluating Sustainable Logistics Networks
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 111
, pp. 195
–208
.74.
Sarkis
, J.
, 2003, “A Strategic Decision Making Framework for Green Supply Chain Management
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 11
, pp. 397
–409
.75.
Sheu
, J. B.
, Chou
, Y. H.
, and Hu
, J. J.
, 2005, “An Integrated Logistics Operational Model for Green Supply Chain Management
,” Transp. Res., Part E Logist. Trans. Rev.
, 41
, pp. 287
–313
.76.
Mangun
, D.
, and Thurston
, D. L.
, 2002, “Incorporating Component Reuse, Remanufacture and Recycle Into Product Portfolio Design
,” IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage.
0018-9391, 49
(4
), pp. 479
–490
.77.
Mutha
, A.
, and Pokharel
, S.
, 2009, “Strategic Network Design for Reverse Logistics and Remanufacturing Using New and Old Product Modules
,” Comput. Ind. Eng.
0360-8352, 56
(1
), pp. 334
–346
.78.
Aoyama
, K.
, and Koga
, T.
, 2006, “Latest Trends for Design for Environment (DfE)
,” Science of Machine
, 58
, pp. 460
–467
.79.
Thomas
, V.
, 2003, “Demand and Dematerialization Impacts of Second-Hand Markets
,” J. Ind. Ecol.
1088-1980, 7
(2
), pp. 65
–78
.80.
Guide
, V. D. R.
, and Wassenhove
, L. N. V.
, 2006, “Closed-Loop Supply Chains: An Introduction to the Feature Issue
,” Production and Operations Management
, 15
(3
), pp. 345
–350
.81.
Simon
, M.
, Bee
, G.
, Moore
, P.
, Pu
, J.
, and Xie
, C.
, 2001, “Modeling of the Life Cycle of Products With Data Acquisition Features
,” Comput. Ind.
, 45
, pp. 111
–122
.82.
Gehin
, A.
, Zwolinski
, P.
, and Brissaud
, D.
, 2007, “Towards the Use of LCA During the Early Design Phase to Define EoL Scenarios
,” Advances in Life Cycle Engineering for Sustainable Manufacturing Businesses, Part 2, A1, pp. 23–28. Proceedings of the 14th CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, June 11–13, 2007
.83.
Walmart, 2009, “
Sustainability Product Index: Fact Sheet
,” http://walmartstores.com/download/3879.pdfhttp://walmartstores.com/download/3879.pdf84.
Ginsberg
, J. M.
, and Bloom
, P. N.
, 2004, “Choosing the Right Green Marketing Strategy
,” Sloan Manage. Rev.
0019-848X, 46
, pp. 79
–84
.85.
Thomas
, V.
, 2009, “A Universal Code for Environmental Management of Products
,” Resour. Conserv. Recycl.
0921-3449, 53
, pp. 400
–408
.86.
Krikke
, H.
, Bloemhof-Ruwaard
, J.
, and Van Wassenhove
, L. N.
, 2003, “Concurrent Product and Closed-Loop Supply Chain Design With an Application to Refrigerators
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 41
(16
), pp. 3689
–3719
.87.
Komoto
, H.
, Tomiyama
, T.
, Silvester
, S.
, and Brezet
, H.
, 2009, “Analyzing Supply Chain Robustness for OEMs From a Life Cycle Perspective Using Life Cycle |Simulation,” Int. J. Prod. Econ. 0925-5273, in press.88.
Lily
, A.
, Dzuraidah
, A. W.
, Che Hassan
, C. H.
, and Che Husna
, A.
, 2009, “Development of an Optimisation Model for Automotive Component Reuse
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 3
(1
), pp. 87
–96
.89.
Kumazawa
, T.
, and Kobayashi
, H.
, 2006, “A Simulation System to Support the Establishment of Circulated Business
,” Adv. Eng. Inf.
1474-0346, 20
, pp. 127
–136
.90.
White
, C.
, Masanet
, E.
, Rosen
, C.
, and Beckman
, S.
, 2003, “Product Recovery With Some Byte: An Overview of Management Challenges and Environmental Consequences in Reverse Manufacturing for the Computer Industry
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 11
, pp. 445
–458
.91.
Rose
, C. M.
, Kurt
, A. B.
, and Kosuke
, I.
, 1999, “Determining End-of-Life Strategies as a Part of Product Definition, ISEE –1999
,” Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment
, pp. 219
–224
.92.
Ishii
, K.
, and Lee
, B.
, 1996, “Reverse Fishbone Diagram: A Tool in Aid of Design for Product Retirement
,” Proceedings of the 1996 ASME Design Technical Conference
.93.
Penev
, K. D.
, and De Ron
, A. J.
, 1996, “Determination of a Disassembly Strategy
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 34
(2
), pp. 495
–506
.94.
Pnueli
, Y.
, and Zussman
, E.
, 1997, “Evaluating the End-of-Life Value of a Product and Improving It by Redesign
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 35
(4
), pp. 921
–942
.95.
Kwak
, M. J.
, Hong
, Y. S.
, and Cho
, N. W.
, 2009, “Eco-Architecture Analysis for End-of-Life Decision Making
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 47
(22
), pp. 6233
–6259
.96.
Krikke
, H. R.
, van Harten
, A.
, and Schuur
, P. C.
, 1998, “On a Medium Term Product Recovery and Disposal Strategy for Durable Assembly Products
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 36
, pp. 111
–140
.97.
González
, B.
, and Adenso-Díaz
, B.
, 2005, “A Bill of Materials-Based Approach for EOL Decision Making in Design for the Environment
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 43
, pp. 2071
–2099
.98.
Jayaraman
, V.
, 2006, “Production Planning for Closed-Loop Supply Chains With Product Recovery and Reuse: An Analytical Approach
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 44
(5
), pp. 981
–998
.99.
Franke
, C.
, Basdere
, B.
, Ciupek
, M.
, and Seliger
, S.
, 2006, “Remanufacturing of Mobile Phones-Capacity, Program and Facility Adaptation Planning
,” Omega
0305-0483, 34
(6
), pp. 562
–570
.100.
Behdad
, S.
, Kim
, H.
, and Thurston
, D.
, 2010, “Simultaneous Selective Disassembly and End-of-Life Decision Making for Multiple Products That Share Disassembly Operations
,” ASME J. Mech. Des.
0161-8458, 132
(4
), p. 041002
.101.
Zhao
, Y.
, Pandey
, V.
, Kim
, H.
, and Thurston
, D.
, 2009, “Varying Lifecycle Lengths Within a Portfolio for Product Takeback
,” ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences on Design for Manufacturing and Lifecycle
, San Diego, CA.102.
Marks
, M. D.
, Eubanks
, C. F.
, and Ishii
, K.
, 1993, “Life-Cycle Clumping of Product Designs for Ownership and Retirement
,” ASME Design Theory and Methodology
, Albuquerque, NM, pp. 83
–90
.103.
Ishii
, K.
, Eubanks
, C. H.
, and Di Marco
, P.
, 1994, “Design for Product Retirement and Material Life-Cycle
,” Mater. Des.
0264-1275, 15
(4
), pp. 225
–233
.104.
Feldmann
, K.
, Traunter
, S.
, Lohrmann
, H.
, and Melzer
, K.
, 2001, “Computer-Based Product Structure Analysis for Technical Goods Regarding Optimal End-of-Life Strategies
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part B
0954-4054, 215
(5
), pp. 683
–693
.105.
Qian
, X.
, and Zhang
, H. C.
, 2003, “Design for Environment: An Environmental Analysis Model for the Modular Design of Products
,” Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment
, Boston, pp. 114
–119
.106.
Gu
, P.
, and Sosale
, S.
, 1999, “Product Modularization for Life Cycle Engineering
,” Rob. Comput.-Integr. Manufact.
0736-5845, 15
(5
), pp. 387
–401
.107.
Sand
, J. C.
, Gu
, P.
, and Watson
, G.
, 2002, “HOME: House of Modular Enhancement—A Tool for Modular Product Redesign
,” Concurr. Eng. Res. Appl.
1063-293X, 10
(2
), pp. 153
–164
.108.
Seliger
, G.
, and Zettl
, M.
, 2008, “Modularization as an Enabler for Cycle Economy
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 57
(1
), pp. 133
–136
.109.
Umeda
, Y.
, Fukushige
, S.
, Tonoike
, K.
, and Kondoh
, S.
, 2008, “Product Modularity for Life Cycle Design
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 57
(1
), pp. 13
–16
.110.
Simpson
, T.
, 1998, “A Concept Exploration Method for Product Family Design
,” Ph.D. thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.111.
Perera
, H. S.
, Nagarur
, N.
, and Tabucanon
, M. T.
, 1999, “Component Part Standardization: A Way to Reduce the Life-Cycle Costs of Products
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 60–61
, pp. 109
–116
.112.
Bras
, B.
, 2007, “Design for Remanufacturing Processes
,” Environmentally Conscious Mechanical Design
, M.
Kutz
, ed., Wiley
, Hoboken, NJ
, pp. 283
–318
.113.
Guide
, V. D. R.
, 2000, “Production Planning and Control for Remanufacturing: Industry Practice and Research Needs
,” J. Operations Manage.
0272-6963, 18
(4
), pp. 467
–483
.114.
Guide
, V. D. R.
, 2001, “Managing Product Returns for Remanufacturing
,” Prod. Oper. Manage.
1059-1478, 10
(2
), pp. 142
–155
.115.
Guide
, V. D. R.
, Teunter
, R. H.
, and Van Wassenhove
, L. N.
, 2003, “Matching Demand and Supply to Maximize Profits From Remanufacturing
,” Manuf. Serv. Oper. Manage.
1523-4614, 5
(4
), pp. 303
–316
.116.
Ray
, S.
, Boyaci
, T.
, and Aras
, N.
, 2005, “Optimal Prices and Trade-in Rebates for Durable, Remanufacturable Products
,” Manuf. Serv. Oper. Manage.
1523-4614, 7
(3
), pp. 208
–228
.117.
Marks
, D. H.
, 1969, “Facility Location and Routing Models on Solid Waste Collection Systems
, Ph.D. thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.118.
Gottinger
, H. W.
, 1988, “A Computational Model for Solid Waste Management With Application
,” Eur. J. Oper. Res.
0377-2217, 35
(3
), pp. 350
–364
.119.
Ossenbruggen
, P. J.
, and Ossenbruggen
, P. C.
, 1992, “SWAP, a Computer Package for Solid Waste Management
,” Comput. Environ. Urban Syst.
0198-9715, 16
(2
), pp. 83
–100
.120.
Fleischmann
, M.
, Krikke
, H. R.
, Dekker
, R.
, and Flapper
, S. D. P.
, 2000, “A Characterisation of Logistics Networks for Product Recovery
,” Omega
0305-0483, 28
(6
), pp. 653
–666
.121.
Bloemhof-Ruwaard
, J. M.
, Van Wassenhove
, L. N.
, Gabel
, H. L.
, and Weaver
, P. M.
, 1996, “An Environmental Life Cycle Optimization Model for the European Pulp and Paper Industry
,” Omega
0305-0483, 24
(6
), pp. 615
–629
.122.
Daniel
, S. E.
, Voutsinas
, T. G.
, and Pappis
, C. P.
, 1999, “Implementation of Life Cycle Analysis in the Starter Batteries’ Reverse Chain
,” University of Piraeus.123.
Taleb
, K.
, and Gupta
, S.
, 1997, “Disassembly of Multiple Product Structures
,” Comput. Ind. Eng.
0360-8352, 32
(4
), pp. 949
–961
.124.
Meacham
, A.
, Uzsoy
, R.
, and Venkatadri
, U.
, 1999, “Optimal Disassembly Configurations for Single and Multiple Products
,” J. Manuf. Syst.
0278-6125, 18
(5
), pp. 311
–322
.125.
Ferrer
, G.
, and Whybark
, D. C.
, 2001, “Material Planning for a Remanufacturing Facility
,” Prod. Oper. Manage.
1059-1478, 10
(2
), pp. 112
–124
.126.
Imtanavanich
, P.
, and Gupta
, S. M.
, 2005, “Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach in Multiple Periods for a Disassembly-to-Order System Under Product’s Deterioration and Stochastic Yields
,” Proceedings of the SPIE International Conference on Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing V
, pp. 10
–21
.127.
Inderfurth
, K.
, and Langella
, I. M.
, 2008, “Planning Disassembly for Remanufacture-to-Order Systems
,” Environment Conscious Manufacturing
, S. M.
Gupta
and A. J.
Lamber
, eds., CRC
, Boca Raton, FL
, pp. 387
–411
.128.
Dowie
, T.
, and Kelly
, P.
, 1994, “Estimation of Disassembly Times
, Manchester Metropolitan University, Technical Report.129.
Kroll
, E.
, and Carver
, B. S.
, 1999, “Disassembly Analysis Through Time Estimation and Other Metrics
,” Rob. Comput.-Integr. Manufact.
0736-5845, 15
(3
), pp. 191
–200
.130.
Das
, S. K.
, Yedlarajiah
, P.
, and Narendra
, R.
, 2000, “An Approach for Estimating the EOL Product Disassembly Effort and Cost
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 38
(3
), pp. 657
–673
.131.
Sodhi
, R.
, Sonnenberg
, M.
, and Das
, S.
, 2004, “Evaluating the Unfastening Effort in Design for Disassembly and Serviceability
,” J. Eng. Design
0954-4828, 15
(1
), pp. 69
–90
.132.
Gungor
, A.
, 2006, “Evaluation of Connection Types in Design for Disassembly (DFD) Using Analytic Network Process
,” Comput. Ind. Eng.
0360-8352, 50
(1–2
), pp. 35
–54
.133.
Chiodo
, J.
, Billet
, E.
, and Harrison
, D.
, 1998, “Active Disassembly,” The Journal of Sustainable Product Design, Issue 7, pp. 30–36.134.
Takeuchi
, S.
, and Saitou
, K.
, 2005, “Design for Product-Embedded Disassembly
,” Proceedings of ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences
, Long Beach, CA.135.
Carrell
, J.
, 2009, “Design and Analysis of Shape Memory Polymer snap-Fits for Active Disassembly
,” MS thesis, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX.136.
Hussein
, H.
, and Harrison
, D.
, 2008, “New Technologies for Active Disassembly: Using the Shape Memory Effect in Engineering Polymers
,” Int. J. Prod. Dev.
, 6
(3/4
), pp. 431
–449
.137.
Shalaby
, M.
, and Saitou
, K.
, 2008, “Design for Disassembly With High-Stiffness Heat-Reversible Locator-Snap Systems
,” ASME J. Mech. Des.
0161-8458, 130
(12
), p. 121701
.138.
Hammond
, R.
, and Bras
, B. A.
, 1996, “Design for Remanufacturing Metrics
,” Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Reuse
, S. D.
Flapper
and A. J.
de Ron
, eds., Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Nov. 11–13, pp. 5
–22
.139.
Kimura
, F.
, Kato
, S.
, Hata
, T.
, and Masuda
, T.
, 2001, “Product Modularization for Parts Reuse in Inverse Manufacturing
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 50
(1
), pp. 89
–92
.140.
Meehan
, J. S.
, Duffy
, A. H. B.
, and Whitfield
, R. I.
, 2007, “Supporting ‘Design for Re-use’ With Modular Design
,” Concurr. Eng. Res. Appl.
1063-293X, 15
(2
), pp. 141
–155
.141.
King
, A. M.
, and Burgess
, S. C.
, 2005, “The Development of a Remanufacturing Platform Design: A Strategic Response to the Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part B
0954-4054, 219
(8
), pp. 623
–631
.142.
Seliger
, G.
, Skerlos
, S. J.
, Basdere
, B.
, and Zettl
, M.
, 2003, “Design of a Modular Housing Platform for Remanufacturing of Multiple Cellular Phone Models
,” Proceedings of the EcoDesign
, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 243
–250
.143.
Xing
, K.
, Belusko
, M.
, Luong
, L.
, and Abhary
, K.
, 2007, “An Evaluation Model of Product Upgradeability for Remanufacture
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 35
(1–2
), pp. 1
–14
.144.
Umeda
, Y.
, Kondoh
, S.
, Shimomura
, Y.
, and Tomiyama
, T.
, 2005, “Development of Design Methodology for Upgradable Products Based on Function-Behavior-State Modeling
,” Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf.
0890-0604, 19
(3
), pp. 161
–192
.145.
Willems
, B.
, Dewulf
, W.
, and Duflou
, J. R.
, 2008, “A Method to Assess the Lifetime Prolongation Capabilities of Products
,” International Journal of Sustainable Manufacturing
, 1
(1/2
), pp. 122
–144
.146.
Kasarda
, M. E.
, Terpenny
, J. P.
, Inman
, D.
, Precoda
, K. R.
, Jelesko
, J.
, Shin
, A.
, and Park
, J.
, 2007, “Design for Adaptability (DFAD)—A New Concept for Achieving Sustainable Design
,” Rob. Comput.-Integr. Manufact.
0736-5845, 23
(6
), pp. 727
–734
.147.
Weaver
, P. M.
, Ashby
, M. F.
, Burgess
, S.
, and Shibaike
, N.
, 1996, “Selection of Materials to Reduce Environmental Impact: A Case Study on Refrigerator Insulation
,” Mater. Des.
0264-1275, 17
(1
), pp. 11
–17
.148.
Giudice
, F.
, La Rosa
, G.
, and Risitano
, A.
, 2005, “Materials Selection in the Life-Cycle Design Process: A Method to Integrate Mechanical and Environmental Performances in Optimal Choice
,” Mater. Des.
0264-1275, 26
(1
), pp. 9
–20
.149.
Chan
, J. W. K.
, and Tong
, T. K. L.
, 2007, “Multi-Criteria Material Selections and End-of-Life Product Strategy: Grey Relational Analysis Approach
,” Mater. Des.
0264-1275, 28
(5
), pp. 1539
–1546
.150.
Williams
, A.
, 2007, “Product Service Systems in the Automobile Industry: Contribution to System Innovation?
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 15
(11–12
), pp. 1093
–1103
.151.
Mat Saman
, M. Z.
, Blount
, G.
, Jones
, R.
, Goodyer
, J.
, and Jawaid
, A.
, 2005, “Methodology for the Design Recyclability Assessment in Automotive Engineering
,” Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Design and Manufacture for Sustainable Development
, UK.152.
Gutowski
, T. G.
, and Dahmus
, J. B.
, 2005, “Mixing Entropy and Product Recycling
,” Electronics and the Environment, Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment
, pp. 72
–76
.153.
Choi
, J. -K.
, Stuart
, J. A.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2005, “Modeling of Automotive Recycling Planning in the United States
,” International Journal of Automotive technology
, 6
(4
), pp. 413
–419
.154.
Sodhi
, M. S.
, and Reimer
, B.
, 2001, “Models for Recycling Electronics End-of-Life Products
,” OR-Spectrum
, 23
(1
), pp. 97
–115
.155.
Spengler
, T.
, Ploong
, M.
, and Schroter
, M.
, 2003, “Integrated Planning of Acquisition, Disassembly and Bulk Recycling: A Case Study on Electronic Scrap Recovery
,” Operations Research Spectrum
, 25
(3
), pp. 413
–442
.156.
Yu-yan
, W.
, 2009, “The Choice of Different Takeback Models in CLSC
,” IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application Workshops
, pp. 324
–327
.157.
Jacobsson
, N.
, 2000, “Emerging Product Strategies: Selling Services of Remanufactured Products
,” Ph.D. thesis, Lund University, Sweden.158.
Geyer
, R.
, Wassenhove
, L. N. V.
, and Atasu
, A.
, 2007, “The Economics of Remanufacturing Under Limited Component Durability and Finite Product Life Cycles
,” Manage. Sci.
0025-1909, 53
(1
), pp. 88
–100
.159.
Majumder
, P.
, and Groenevelt
, H.
, 2001, “Competition in Remanufacturing
,” Prod. Oper. Manage.
1059-1478, 10
(2
), pp. 125
–141
.160.
Ferrer
, G.
, and Swaminathan
, J. M.
, 2006, “Managing New and Remanufactured Products
,” Manage. Sci.
0025-1909, 52
(1
), pp. 15
–26
.161.
Jung
, K. S.
, and Hwang
, H.
, 2009, “Competition and Cooperation in a Remanufacturing System With Take-Back Requirement,” J. Intell. Manuf., pp. 1–7.162.
Mitra
, S.
, and Webster
, S.
, 2008, “Competition in Remanufacturing and the Effects of Government Subsidies
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 111
(2
), pp. 287
–298
.163.
Atasu
, A.
, Sarvary
, M.
, and Wassenhove
, L. N. V.
, 2008, “Remanufacturing as a Marketing Strategy
,” Manage. Sci.
0025-1909, 54
(10
), pp. 1731
–1746
.164.
Heese
, H. S.
, Cattani
, K.
, Ferrer
, G.
, Gilland
, W.
, and Roth
, A. V.
, 2005, “Competitive Advantage Through Take-Back of Used Products
,” Eur. J. Oper. Res.
0377-2217, 164
(1
), pp. 143
–157
.165.
Kwak
, M.
, and Kim
, H.
, 2010, “Evaluating End-of-Life Recovery Profit by a Simultaneous Consideration of Product Design and Recovery Network Design
,” ASME J. Mech. Des.
0161-8458, 132
(7
), p. 071001
.166.
Willems
, B.
, Dequlf
, W.
, and Duflou
, J. R.
, 2006, “Can Large-Scale Disassembly be Profitable? A Linear Programming Approach to Quantifying the Turning Point to Make Disassembly Economically Viable
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 44
, pp. 1125
–1146
.167.
Skerlos
, S. J.
, Morrow
, W. R.
, Chan
, K. -Y.
, Zhao
, F.
, Hula
, A.
, Seliger
, G.
, Basdere
, B.
, and Prasitnarit
, A.
, 2003, “Economic and Environmental Characteristics of Global Cellular Telephone Remanufacturing
,” IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment
, Boston, MA, May 19–22.168.
Manzini
, E.
, and Vezzoli
, C.
, 2003, “A Strategic Design Approach to Develop Sustainable Product Service Systems: Examples Taken From the ‘Environmentally Friendly Innovation’ Italian Prize
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 11
, pp. 851
–857
.169.
Gray
, C.
, and Charter
, M.
, 2007, “Remanufacturing and Product Design, Designing for the Seventh Generation
,” The Centre for Sustainable Design, University College for the Creative Arts, Report.170.
Sundin
, E.
, 2004, “Product and Process Design for Successful Remanufacturing
,” Ph.D. thesis, Linkoping University, Sweden.171.
Ostlin
, J.
, Sundin
, E.
, and Bjorkman
, M.
, 2008, “Importance of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Relationships for Product Remanufacturing
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 115
, pp. 336
–348
.172.
Hammond
, R.
, Amezquita
, T.
, and Bras
, B.
, 1998, “Issues in the Automotive Parts Remanufacturing Industry—A Discussion of Results From Surveys Performed Among Remanufacturers
,” International Journal of Engineering Design and Automation
, Special Issue on Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing, 4
(1
), pp. 27
–46
.173.
Murugappan
, S.
, and Ramani
, K.
, 2009, “FEAsy: A Sketch-Based Interface Integrating Structural Analysis in Early Design
,” Proceedings of the ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conference and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference IDETC/CIE
.174.
Lockton
, D.
, 2007, “Design With Intent: Using Design to Influence Behavior
,” http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/what-is-design-with-intent/http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/what-is-design-with-intent/, accessed February.175.
NIST
, 2009, “Sustainable and Lifecycle Information-Based Manufacturing
,” Manufacturing Systems Integration Division, Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory, http://www.nist.gov/mel/msid/dpg/slim.cfmhttp://www.nist.gov/mel/msid/dpg/slim.cfm, accessed Jul. 8.176.
Daniel
, V.
, Guide
, J. R.
, and Pentico
, D. W.
, 2003, “A Hierarchical Decision Model for Re-Manufacturing and Re-Use
,” International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications
, 6
(1–2
), pp. 29
–35
.177.
Simon
, M.
, and Dowie
, T.
, 1993, “Disassembly Process Planning
,” Presented at the 30th International MATADOR Conference
, Manchester, UK.178.
Gungor
, A.
, and Gupta
, S. M.
, 1998, “Disassembly Sequence Planning for Complete Disassembly in Product Recovery
,” Proceedings of the 1998 Northeast Decision Sciences Institute Conference
, Boston, MA, Mar. 25–27, pp. 250
–252
.179.
Coulter
, S. L.
, and Bras
, B. A.
, 1997, “Reducing Environmental Impact Through Systematic Product Evolution
,” International Journal of Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing
, 6
(2
), pp. 1
–10
.180.
Coulter
, S. L.
, Bras
, B. A.
, Winslow
, G.
, and Yester
, S.
, 1996, “Designing for Material Separation: Lessons From Automotive Recycling
,” Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference and Computers in Engineering Conference
, Irvine, CA, Aug. 18–22, Paper No. 96-DETC/DFM-1270.181.
Kraines
, S.
, Komiyama
, H.
, Batres
, R.
, Koyama
, M.
, and Wallace
, D.
, 2005, “Internet Based Integrated Environmental Assessment: Using Ontologies to Share Computational Models
,” J. Ind. Ecol.
1088-1980, 9
(3
), pp. 31
–50
.182.
Walton
S. V.
, Handfield
, R. B.
, and Melnyk
, S. T.
, 1998, “The Green Supply Chain: Integrating Suppliers Into Environmental Management Process
,” Int. J. Purch. Mater. Manage.
1055-6001, 34
(2
), pp. 2
–11
.183.
Kleban
, S. D.
, Luger
, G. F.
, and Watkin
, R. D.
, 1996, “Expert System Support for Environmental Assessment of Manufacturing Products and Facilities
,” J. Intell. Manuf.
0956-5515, 7
, pp. 39
–53
.184.
Chung
, S. -L.
, Wee
, H. -M.
, and Yang
, P. -C.
, 2008, “Optimal Policy for a Closed-Loop Supply Chain Inventory System With Remanufacturing
,” Math. Comput. Modell.
0895-7177, 48
, pp. 867
–881
.185.
Srivastava
, S. K.
, 2007, “Green Supply-Chain Management: A State-of-the-Art Literature Review
,” Int. J. Manage. Rev.
1468-2370, 9
(1
), pp. 53
–80
.186.
Chen
, R. W.
, Navin-Chandra
, D.
, and Print
, F. B.
, 1994, “A Cost-Benefit Analysis Model of Product Design for Recyclability and Its Application
,” IEEE Trans. Compon., Packag. Manuf. Technol., Part A
1070-9886, 17
(4
), pp. 502
–507
.187.
Handfield
, R.
, Sroufe
, R.
, and Walton
, S.
, 2005, “Integrating Environmental Management and Supply Chain Strategies
,” Bus. Strategy Environ.
, 14
, pp. 1
–19
.188.
Hopkinson
, N.
, Gao
, Y.
, and McAfee
, D. J.
, 2006, “Design for Environment Analyses Applied to Rapid Manufacturing
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part D (J. Automob. Eng.)
0954-4070, 220
, pp. 1363
–1372
.189.
Ilgin
, M. A.
, and Gupta
, S. M.
, 2010, “Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing and Product Recovery (ECMPRO): A Review of the State of the Art
,” J. Environ. Manage.
0301-4797, 91
, pp. 563
–591
.190.
Gupta
, M. C.
, 1995, “Environmental Management and Its Impact on the Operations Function
,” Int. J. Operat. Product Manage.
, 15
(8
), pp. 34
–51
.191.
Hauschild
, M.
, Jeswiet
, J.
, and Alting
, L.
, 2005, “From Life Cycle Assessment to Sustainable Production: Status and Perspectives
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 2
, pp. 535
–555
.192.
Bovea
, M. D.
, and Wang
, B.
, 2003, “Identifying Environmental Improvement Options by Combining Lifecycle Assessment and Fuzzy Set Theory
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 41
(3
), pp. 593
–609
.193.
Bakar
, M. S. A.
, and Rahimifard
, S.
, 2007, “Computer-Aided Recycling Process Planning for End-of-Life Electrical and Electronic Equipment
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part B
0954-4054, 221
, pp. 1369
–1374
.194.
Duta
, L.
, Filip
, F. G.
, and Popescu
, C.
, 2008a, “Evolutionary programming in disassembly decision making
,” Int. J. Comput. Commun. Control
, 3
, pp. 282
–286
.195.
Lee
, K.
, and Gadh
, R.
, 1995, “Computer Aided Design-for-Disassembly: A Destructive Approach, in Joint Symposium on Concurrent Product and Process Engineering
,” International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition ‘95
, San Francisco, CA, pp. 1
–13
.196.
Park
, J. H.
, and Seo
, K. K.
, 2006, “A Knowledge-Based Approximate Life Cycle Assessment System for Evaluating Environmental Impacts of Product Design Alternatives in a Collaborative Design Environment
,” Adv. Eng. Inf.
1474-0346, 20
, pp. 147
–154
.197.
Lee
, H.
, 2004, “The Triple-A Supply Chain
,” Harvard Bus. Rev.
0017-8012, 82
(10
), pp. 102
–112
.198.
Huang
, H.
, Liu
, Z.
, Zhang
, L.
, and Sutherland
, J.
, 2009, “Materials Selection for Environmentally Conscious Design via a Proposed Life Cycle Environmental Performance Index
,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
0268-3768, 44
, pp. 1073
–1082
.199.
Johansson
, G.
, Greif
, A.
, and Fleischer
, G.
, 2007, “Managing the Design/Environment Interface: Studies of Integration Mechanisms
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 45
(18
), pp. 4041
–4055
.200.
Dehghanian
, F.
, and Mansour
, S.
, 2009, “Designing Sustainable Recovery Network of End-of-Line Products Using Genetic Algorithm
,” Resour. Conserv. Recycl.
0921-3449, 53
, pp. 559
–570
.201.
Gehin
, A.
, Zwolinski
, P.
, and Brissaud
, D.
, 2008, “A Tool to Implement Sustainable End-of-Life Strategies in the Product Development Phase
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 16
, pp. 566
–576
.202.
Azapagic
, A.
, Millington
, A.
, and Collett
, A.
, 2006, “A Methodology for Integrating Sustainability Considerations Into Process Design
,” Chem. Eng. Res. Des.
0263-8762, 84
(A6
), pp. 439
–452
.203.
Azapagic
, A.
, 1999, “Life Cycle Assessment and Its Application to Process Selection, Design and Optimization
,” Chem. Eng. J.
0300-9467, 73
, pp. 1
–21
.204.
Beamon
, B. M.
, 1999, “Designing the Green Supply Chain
,” Logist. Inf. Manag.
0957-6053, 12
(4
), pp. 332
–342
.205.
Rose
, C. M.
, 2000, “Design for Environment: A Method for Formulating Product End-of-Life Strategies
,” Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA.206.
Cash
, D. W.
, Clark
, W. C.
, Alcock
, F.
, Dickson
, N. M.
, Eckley
, N.
, Guston
, D. H.
, Jager
, J.
, and Mitchell
, R. B.
, 2003, “Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Development
,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
0027-8424, 100
(14
), pp. 8086
–8091
.207.
Eisenhard
, J. L.
, Wallace
, D. R.
, Sousa
, I.
, Schepper
, M. S.
, and Rombouts
, J. P.
, 2000, “Approximate Life-Cycle Assessment in Conceptual Product Design
,” Proceedings of the DETC’00 ASME 2000 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference
. Baltimore, MD, Sept. 10–13.208.
Kriwet
, A.
, Zussman
, E.
, and Seliger
, G.
, 1995, “Systematic Integration of Design for Recycling Into Product Design
,” Int. J. Prod. Econ.
0925-5273, 38
, pp. 15
–22
.209.
Bufardi
, A.
, Gheorghe
, R.
, Kiritsis
, D.
, and Xirouchakis
, P.
, 2004, “Multicriteria Decision-Aid Approach for Product End-of-Life Alternative Selection
,” Int. J. Prod. Res.
0020-7543, 42
(16
), pp. 3139
–3157
.210.
Bras
, B.
, and McIntosh
, M. W.
, 1999, “Product, Process, and Organizational Design for Remanufacture—An Overview of Research
,” Rob. Comput.-Integr. Manufact.
0736-5845, 15
, pp. 167
–178
.211.
Grochowski
, D. E.
, and Tang
, Y.
, 2009, “A Machine Learning Approach for Optimal Disassembly Planning
,” Int. J. Comput. Integr. Manuf.
0951-192X, 22
(4
), pp. 374
–383
.212.
Westkämper
, E.
, Alting
, L.
, and Arndt
, G.
, 2001, “Life Cycle Management and Assessment: Approaches and Visions Towards Sustainable Manufacturing
,” CIRP Ann.
0007-8506, 49
(2
), pp. 501
–526
.213.
Giudice
, F.
, and Kassem
, M.
, 2009, “End-of-Life Impact Reduction Through Analysis and Redistribution of Disassembly Depth: A Case Study in Electronic Device Redesign
,” Comput. Ind. Eng.
0360-8352, 57
, pp. 677
–690
.214.
Harsch
, M.
, 2000, “Life Cycle Simulation as R&D Tool
,” SAE Paper No. 2000-01-1500.215.
Sharifi
, H.
, Ismail
, H. S.
, and Reid
, I.
, 2006, “Achieving Agility in Supply Chain Through Simultaneous ‘Design of’ and ‘Design for’ the Supply Chain
,” J. Manuf. Technol. Manage.
1368-2148, 17
(8
), pp. 1078
–1098
.216.
Tsoulfas
, G. T.
, and Pappis
, C. P.
, 2008, “A Model for Supply Chains Environmental Performance Analysis and Decision Making
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 16
(15
), pp. 1647
–1657
.217.
Mani
, M.
, Lyons
, K. W.
, Rachuri
, S.
, Subrahmanian
, E.
, and Sriram
, R. D.
, 2008, “Introducing Sustainability Early Into Manufacturing Process Planning
,” Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering
, Evanston, IL, Oct. 7–10.218.
Spicer
, A. J.
, and Johnson
, M. R.
, 2004, “Third-Party Demanufacturing as a Solution for Extended Producer Responsibility
,” J. Cleaner Prod.
0959-6526, 12
, pp. 37
–45
.Copyright © 2010
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
